the court upheld the test of backwardness which was predominantly based on caste as it quoted
“Now if the reservation in question had been based only on caste and had not taken into account the social and educational backwardness of the caste in question, it would violate Article 15(1). But it must not be forgotten that a caste is also a class of citizens and if the caste as a whole is socially and educationally backward, reservation can be made in favor of such a caste on the ground that it is socially and educationally backward class of citizens within the meaning of Article 15(4) and 15(5).”
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